Resilient university campus in the city in COVID and post-COVID era—recommendations, guidelines, and evidence from research in Italy and Poland

The pandemic ‘stay at home’ obligations turned our homes from a place to live live, work, entertain ourselves and study. Since March 2020, confinement has had permanent impact on students’ perception of studying academic lifestyle. Most universities continue teaching online, most facilities, such as lecture seminar halls, student dormitories, have been abandoned. Some them form vast areas in cities that play major role the urban structure. authors examined degree way occupation infrastructure before time pandemic. Evidence data gathered different Poland Italy. From their origins, campuses can be considered autonomous communities within or city limits. In post-pandemic perspective, evidence shows growing population students does not mean campus development shown greatest resilience are “open” which able share, integrate, exchange spaces facilities with those city. conclude will an future facilities.